Comparing Berkshire Hathaway’s (BRK.A) December 31, 2008 13-F with its March 31, 2009 13-F, I made the following observations for Q1/2009:

• BRK didn’t add any new positions to its portfolio
• BRK didn’t fully liquidate any positions in its portfolio
• BRK added shares in seven stocks: BNSF Railway (BNI), Union Pacific (UNP), Wells Fargo (WFC), U.S. Bancorp (USB), Johnson & Johnson (JNJ), and Nalco Holding Company (NLC)
• BRK reduced shares in four stocks: CarMax (KMX), ConocoPhillips (COP), Costco Wholesale Corporation (COST) and Constellation Energy Group, Inc. (CEG)

Of the stocks held in BRK’s 13-F portfolio, the following ones are either held in my income portfolio or are on my watch list of dividend stocks:

Coca Cola (KO) – Yield 3.34% – Analysis
The Coca-Cola Company is the largest manufacturer, distributor and marketer of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world.

Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) – Yield 3.55% – Analysis
Johnson & Johnson is engaged in the research and development, manufacture and sale of a range of products in the healthcare field.

Kraft Foods (KFT) – Yield 4.44% – Analysis
Kraft is engaged in manufacturing and marketing packaged food products, including snacks, beverages, cheese, convenient meals and various packaged grocery products.

Lowes Companies (LOW) – Yield 1.89% – Analysis
Lowe’s Companies, Inc. is a home improvement retailer.

M&T Bank (MTB) – Yield 5.57%
M&T Bank Corporation is a bank holding company. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had two wholly owned bank subsidiaries.

Procter & Gamble Co. (PG) – Yield 3.39% – Analysis
The Procter & Gamble Company is focused on providing branded consumer goods.

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.  (WMT) – Yield 2.19% – Analysis
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. operates retail stores in various formats worldwide.

In addition, Buffett continues to hold a position in several stocks that I sold over the last twelve months for either cutting or failing to raise their dividend. Those are:

Bank of America Corporation (BAC) – Yield 0.35%
Bank of America Corporation (Bank of America) is a bank holding company and a financial holding company.

General Electric (GE) – Yield 9.20%
General Electric Company is a diversified technology, media and financial services company.

The Home Depot, Inc. (HD) – Yield 3.89%
The Home Depot, Inc.is a home improvement retailer selling an assortment of building materials, home improvement and lawn and garden products, and provide a number of services.

SunTrust Banks, Inc. (STI) – Yield 3.04%
SunTrust Banks, Inc. is a diversified financial services holding company whose businesses provide a range of financial services to consumer and corporate clients.

U.S. Bancorp (USB) – Yield 1.04%
U.S. Bancorp operates as a financial holding company and a bank holding company. U.S. Bancorp provides a range of financial services, including lending and depository services, cash management, foreign exchange, and trust and investment management services.

It is not surprising that the most famous value investor holds several dividend stocks. Historically, stocks that pay dividends have out-performed those that don’t. When you buy dividend stocks at a discount, it’s like turbo-charging your return!

Full Disclosure: Long in JNJ, KO, MTB, PG, WMT . See a list of all my income holdings here.

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The “%” column is the percentage decrease between the “Sell Price” and “Recent Price”.  As you can see, each of the stocks continued to fall after it was sold. That adds substantive evidence that my sell after a dividend cut rule is the correct thing to do. With that said, I have begun to question if there were other indicators that should have led me to an earlier sale. Four of the above stocks have one other thing in common – they froze their dividend before cutting it. The table below shows those stocks and the price on the dividend freeze date (declaration date), along with the three stocks I currently hold with a frozen dividend:

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The “Freeze Price” is the closing price the first trading day after the dividend freeze was announced. The “Sell Price” for the first four (those that I have already sold), is the actual price I sold it for and for the three I still hold it is a recent price. Based on the above, it appears the prudent thing to do would be to sell a stock after it freezes its dividend. Like a dividend cut, an investment with a froze dividend is no longer aligned with my dividend portfolio’s goal of building an ever-increasing source of dividend income.

Care should be taken in considering that not only have the above stocks fell over the last year or so, but virtually every other stock has fell. So what appears to be hard and fast rules in this market, will need to be evaluated under different phases of the cycle. But for now, selling after a dividend cut or a dividend freeze appears to be a prudent rule to follow. However, I do not see the dividend freeze rule as stringent as the dividend cut rule. Each situation needs to be evaluated and sometimes an immediate sale is not warranted. Considering all this, I would phrase my dividend rule as such:

When an individual stock held as a dividend investment freezes its dividend, this is a strong sell indicator. The specific facts and circumstances should be immediately evaluated and continuously monitored until the stock is either sold or it increases its dividend.

If it is decided not to sell the stock, the pressure to sell should increase as time passes.  Another strong indicator to sell would be if the dividend freeze persists long enough to incur a flat dividend year-over-year. Dividend freezes need to be monitored closely. In many instances they are the first step to a dividend cut.

Full Disclosure: Long HD, MTB, RY

The TARP money comes with strings. One of which is a reduction of common dividends. BAC declared a first-quarter dividend of $.01 per share. The company’s previous two dividends were $0.32 and $0.64 per share. Not to be out done, Citigroup (C) declared a quarterly dividend on the company’s common stock of $0.01 per share. Its last two dividends were $0.16 and $0.32 per share.

Tuesday, concern spread to Wells Fargo (WFC) after analysts at Friedman Billings Ramsey said Wells Fargo will likely cut its dividend in the first half of the year because the bank needs to conserve cash. That resulted in a 20% drop in its share price. Then yesterday, SunTrust Banks, Inc. (STI) reported a fourth quarter loss of $1.08 per share and reduced its quarterly dividend from $0.54 to $0.10 per share.

While the big banks are taking government funds and slashing dividends, here are some smaller banks standing strong by raising dividends:

• Bar Harbor Bankshares (BHB) raises dividend by 4% (Yield: 4.68)
  
• Hudson City Bancorp (HCBK) increases qtr. dividend to $0.14/share (Yield: 4.68)
• Comm Bancorp (CCBP) boosts qtr. dividend from $0.27 to $0.28/share (Yield: 2.86)
• Westamerica Bancorp (WABC) Boosts Qtr. Dividend $0.01 to $0.36/share (Yield: 3.36%)

Today’s market has been challenging to even the most seasoned investors. Dividend stocks provide an opportunity for long-term growth and income if we follow a few simple rules.

Disclosure: No position in the aforementioned securities.

(Photo: Steve Woods)